Brotli is a data compression algorithm developed by Google. It is a good alternative to gzip and bzip2, and provides 10-20% more compression than gzip & bzip2, in some cases. It is supported by all major browsers like Chrome, Firefox, Opera, Safari. So you can safely enable it on your web server to improve your website speed & bandwidth consumption. In this article, we will learn how to install Brotli for Apache in Ubuntu.
How to Install Brotli for Apache in Ubuntu
Here are the steps to install Brotli for Apache in Ubuntu. You need to be logged into Ubuntu as a user with sudo privileges to be able to install Brotli.
1. Install Brotli
Open terminal and run the following command to install Brotli.
$ sudo apt install brotli -y
2. Enable Brotli
Apache server contains Brotli module by default. We just need to enable it with the following command.
$ sudo a2enmod brotli
3. Enable Virtual Host
Next, we need to configure Apache virtual host to perform compression using Brotli algorithm. For this, open virtual host configuration file in a text editor. You will find the file in /etc/apache2/sites-available folder. If you have not created separate virtual host file for your website, open the default virtual host file.
$ sudo vi /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf
Add the following lines to it.
<IfModule mod_brotli.c> AddOutputFilterByType BROTLI_COMPRESS text/html text/plain text/xml text/css text/javascript application/javascript </IfModule>
Your virtual host configuration file will look something like.
<VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost ServerName example.com DocumentRoot /var/www/ <IfModule mod_brotli.c> AddOutputFilterByType BROTLI_COMPRESS text/html text/plain text/xml text/css text/javascript application/javascript </IfModule> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost>
Save and exit the file.
4. Restart Apache Server
Restart Apache server to apply changes.
$ sudo systemctl restart apache2
5. Test Compression
You can test the compression by opening your website in browser and checking response headers in browser console. You can also retrieve these values using curl command from terminal.
curl -I -H 'Accept-Encoding: br' http://example.com
You will get the following output. Check the value of ‘Content-Encoding’ header. It should read ‘br’ indicating Brotli algorithm.
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Thu, 22 Sep 2021 06:26:54 GMT Server: Apache/2.4.41 (Ubuntu) Upgrade: h2,h2c Connection: Upgrade Last-Modified: Fri, 05 Feb 2021 08:55:44 GMT ETag: "33-5ba92fc4cecdf-br" Accept-Ranges: bytes Vary: Accept-Encoding Content-Encoding: br Content-Length: 46 Content-Type: text/html
That’s it. In this article, we have learnt how to install Brotli for Apache server in Ubuntu. You can use these steps to install Brotli for your website.
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